State mental health infrastructure, personality, and politics of shelter-in-place

Guided by the conservation of resources (COR) theory, this study investigated how regional variation in mental health needs and resources may have impacted early efforts to curb the spread of COVID-19. Publicly available data were analyzed to evaluate states' initial responses (i.e., February 2020-March 2020) to the COVID-19 pandemic. Each of the 50 U.S. states, as well as the District of Columbia, were included in the analyses, providing a total sample size of N = 51. U.S. states with greater mental health needs and barriers to treatment tended to: be slower to implement shelter-in-place orders;have residents who showed less increase in time at their residences in response to the crisis;be more rural, economically disadvantaged, and more conventional;and have less access to the internet. Considering this cultural context provides insight for tailoring and implementing interventions in a culturally competent manner. Furthermore, mental health resource sharing across states and regions may be needed to address future mental health care gaps resulting from the pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) Impact Statement Rural and financially strained areas with fewer resources and greater mental health needs tended to spend less time under shelter-in-place orders and showed less increase in time spent at home during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Special attention is needed to strengthen community resources and health care infrastructure to support recovery from the pandemic. Access to finances and resources may facilitate more rapid and flexible change in routines required by future pandemics and large-scale threats. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Challenges and successes in psychological treatment during the COVID-19 period

In March 2020, the first Covid-19 patients were admitted to Shaare Zedek Medical Center in Jerusalem. At the height of the first wave, six Covid-19 wards and a Covid-19 Intensive Care Unit operated at the medical center, treating over 3,700 patients. The Covid-19 epidemic presented the health system with conditions never seen before. The chapter describes several treatment protocols and illustrates with specific examples some of the challenges experienced by patients, families, and medical staff. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Impact of internal corporate social responsibility factors on the employee's innovation climate in the medical diagnostics industry

This study examined the relationship between employee-driven corporate social responsibility (CSR) factors and employee innovation in U.S. medical diagnostic companies during the respiratory syndrome coronavirus (COVID) pandemic. This study examined what employee-driven CSR factors affect such motivation of employees toward innovation. The research population was employees who have worked in operation, quality control, research, technical, and management departments of medical diagnostics companies in the United States of America. The investigator used a survey questionnaire for this correlation design study. Employees' responses were analyzed based on education level, gender, and job function using descriptive analysis, t-test, and ANOVA-test. The theoretical framework consisted of the theory of corporate social responsibility and the expectancy theory of motivation. The study questions focused on nine predictors of employee-driven CSR, including employees' rewards and recognition, empowerment, resources, engagement, and decision-making involvement, horizontal communication, vertical communication, employee job satisfaction, employee training, and leadership relationships as dependent variables and their impact on employee innovation climate as independent variables. Correlation and multiple regressions were conducted to determine the underlying relationship of the variables. The result indicated a significant relationship between employee-driven CSR and employee innovation. In addition, the study revealed that nine employee-driven CSR factors explained about 50% of employee innovation as predictor variables. Job satisfaction had the most significant impact on employee innovation climate, followed by Horizontal communication. In conclusion, this study recognized job satisfaction as the most critical employee motivational factor to innovate through quantitative research, which was also a characteristic of employee-driven CSR. The value of employee-driven CSR factors' influence on innovation can contribute to both theory and practice. This research may highlight how medical diagnostics business leaders foster innovation through employee-driven CSR. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Medication adherence among adult kidney transplant recipients: A mixed methods examination

Kidney transplantation remains the best and most cost-effective treatment for patients with end stage kidney disease, and the number of kidney transplants performed in the U.S. annually has increased steadily since 2015. To ensure transplant success, kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are often prescribed lifelong, complex medication regimens that include immunosuppressants, anti-infectives, and medications to control comorbid chronic conditions. Taking these medications as prescribed is essential, as nonadherence can lead to significant complications. Overall, KTRs face significant health burdens, and must be confident, and competent, in their ability to manage a range of conditions and self-care behaviors, including medication-taking.Using data and accessing participants from a large clinical trial, we applied mixed methods to address gaps in the transplant literature related to medication regimen adherence and self-management of health among adult KTRs. In doing so, we sought to (1) characterize medication nonadherence among KTRs;(2) understand KTR experiences of medication-taking;and (3) evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on KTRs' ability to self-manage their health. We found evidence of both immediate and downstream barriers to regimen adherence, patient- and health system-level barriers to adherence, and barriers to which minority KTRs might be particularly vulnerable. Importantly, our findings indicated that adherence to medications taken for comorbid conditions might prove more difficult for KTRs than adherence to immunosuppressants. We also found that the pandemic might have challenged KTRs' ability to manage their health by compromising access to necessary care, including vaccination in the early stages of eligibility, and by exacerbating rates of anxiety. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations - both within and outside the context of the ongoing pandemic - to support KTRs in engaging in critical health behaviors like appropriate medication-taking. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Danger on the frontlines: How a system of failures led to a catastrophe during the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic thrust nursing into the spotlight, not only for the heroism that was on display each day on the frontlines while providing care to an extraordinarily high volume of critically ill patients, but also for the chaos and danger that surrounded the profession by providing this care in unsafe working conditions due to a lack of personal protective equipment (PPE). During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a litany of system failures on federal, state, local, and organizational levels that left nurses and other frontline healthcare workers frequently exposed to a poorly understood and deadly infectious disease. The scope of this project was to identify areas of system failures in the supply and delivery of PPE, to examine issues with guidance versus regulation in providing protection for healthcare workers, and to evaluate enforcement both before and during the pandemic. Extensive research was completed on the nation's PPE supply chain infrastructure, existing workplace safety standards, and the real-time growing body of evidence gleaned from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Based on increased production and availability of necessary PPE early in this project, the scope was prioritized and narrowed to focus on both emergency and permanent Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards to reduce workplace morbidity and mortality of healthcare workers. This evidence collected was utilized to develop a policy paper, in partnership with an American Nurses Association (ANA) Senior Policy Advisor, that provided recommendations for enforceable emergency and permanent airborne infectious disease standards to were necessary to mitigate further risks from COVID-19 for all frontline healthcare providers, as well as to provide protections from future threats. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Medication adherence among adult kidney transplant recipients: A mixed methods examination

Kidney transplantation remains the best and most cost-effective treatment for patients with end stage kidney disease, and the number of kidney transplants performed in the U.S. annually has increased steadily since 2015. To ensure transplant success, kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are often prescribed lifelong, complex medication regimens that include immunosuppressants, anti-infectives, and medications to control comorbid chronic conditions. Taking these medications as prescribed is essential, as nonadherence can lead to significant complications. Overall, KTRs face significant health burdens, and must be confident, and competent, in their ability to manage a range of conditions and self-care behaviors, including medication-taking.Using data and accessing participants from a large clinical trial, we applied mixed methods to address gaps in the transplant literature related to medication regimen adherence and self-management of health among adult KTRs. In doing so, we sought to (1) characterize medication nonadherence among KTRs;(2) understand KTR experiences of medication-taking;and (3) evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on KTRs' ability to self-manage their health. We found evidence of both immediate and downstream barriers to regimen adherence, patient- and health system-level barriers to adherence, and barriers to which minority KTRs might be particularly vulnerable. Importantly, our findings indicated that adherence to medications taken for comorbid conditions might prove more difficult for KTRs than adherence to immunosuppressants. We also found that the pandemic might have challenged KTRs' ability to manage their health by compromising access to necessary care, including vaccination in the early stages of eligibility, and by exacerbating rates of anxiety. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations - both within and outside the context of the ongoing pandemic - to support KTRs in engaging in critical health behaviors like appropriate medication-taking. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Challenges and successes in psychological treatment during the COVID-19 period

In March 2020, the first Covid-19 patients were admitted to Shaare Zedek Medical Center in Jerusalem. At the height of the first wave, six Covid-19 wards and a Covid-19 Intensive Care Unit operated at the medical center, treating over 3,700 patients. The Covid-19 epidemic presented the health system with conditions never seen before. The chapter describes several treatment protocols and illustrates with specific examples some of the challenges experienced by patients, families, and medical staff. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

The role of Muslim women in managing the family during crisis: Corona pandemic as a model

Purpose: This study aims to clarify the role of Muslim women in managing their families during the corona pandemic crisis. To achieve this aim, the researcher applied the descriptive and analytical approach. Design/methodology/approach: The Muslim women have had a prominent position consistent with the physical, psychological and mental characteristics that Allah has created them. This status is shown by: affirming their rights in all areas of life;affirming everything that preserved the dignity of women before Islam;and correcting all the conditions that detracted their dignity before the advent of Islam and making them responsible in public Islamic life on the level of: preserving Islam, spreading the Islamic call and achieving the civilization advancement of the Muslim nation. Findings: The study resulted in many significant results. The most important one of the study results was that, in the context of woman rights and responsibilities she had assumed in Islam, the Muslim woman had a prominent position in Islam. In addition, the mother in the Muslim family had a significant role as a leader, who is capable of managing the family in corona crisis and supporting family members in all aspects such as faith, intellectual endeavors, psychological, social and health, so that they are real leaders. Originality/value: The study recommends carrying out educational studies that identify and show the role of institutions other than the family in managing emergency crises. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Adult day care staff education to improve communication and behavioral management skills

Ineffective communication and behavioral management skills are quality and safety issues that were identified at a local adult day care facility in the Southwest United States. Administrators at the facility identified a knowledge gap in communication and behavior management techniques for patients with cognitive impairment. An educational program, with a PowerPoint presentation and verbal feedback as key components, was developed and used to address the identified gap in practice related to individuals with cognitive impairments at the facility. The adult learning theory and the plan-do-study-act model provided supportive frameworks for program development and staff education. The project question explored whether a staff education program would improve staff knowledge and confidence in behavioral management skills for patients at the adult day care facility. The educational program content was evaluated by three experts with over 20 years of experience working with cognitively impaired patients. Program content was found to be applicable and informative for the adult day care staff. Participation in this project was limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic requirements. The PowerPoint was presented to two participants via the Zoom video conferencing platform. Pre and post survey results completed by the participants had ratings of 5 (excellent) for all items for both pre and post surveys. Although staff participation was limited, the project has the potential to promote social change through an increase in staff knowledge, prompting more effective communication among staff and patients, and thus improving patient outcomes at a local adult day care center. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

COVID-19 knowledge resource categorization and tracking: Conceptual framework study

Background: Since the declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization, the disease has gained momentum with every passing day. Various private and government sectors of different countries allocated funding for research in multiple capacities. A significant portion of efforts has been devoted to information technology and service infrastructure development, including research on developing intelligent models and techniques for alerts, monitoring, early diagnosis, prevention, and other relevant services. As a result, many information resources have been created globally and are available for use. However, a defined structure to organize these resources into categories based on the nature and origin of the data is lacking. Objective: This study aims to organize COVID-19 information resources into a well-defined structure to facilitate the easy identification of a resource, tracking information workflows, and to provide a guide for a contextual dashboard design and development. Methods: A sequence of action research was performed that involved a review of COVID-19 efforts and initiatives on a global scale during the year 2020. Data were collected according to the defined structure of primary, secondary, and tertiary categories. Various techniques for descriptive statistical analysis were employed to gain insights into the data to help develop a conceptual framework to organize resources and track interactions between different resources. Results: Investigating diverse information at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels enabled us to develop a conceptual framework for COVID-19-related efforts and initiatives. The framework of resource categorization provides a gateway to access global initiatives with enriched metadata, and assists users in tracking the workflow of tertiary, secondary, and primary resources with relationships between various fragments of information. The results demonstrated mapping initiatives at the tertiary level to secondary level and then to the primary level to reach firsthand data, research, and trials. Conclusions: Adopting the proposed three-level structure allows for a consistent organization and management of existing COVID-19 knowledge resources and provides a roadmap for classifying future resources. This study is one of the earliest studies to introduce an infrastructure for locating and placing the right information at the right place. By implementing the proposed framework according to the stated guidelines, this study allows for the development of applications such as interactive dashboards to facilitate the contextual identification and tracking of interdependent COVID-19 knowledge resources. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

An intervention to improve nurses' knowledge, perceived safety, and confidence in identifying and managing workplace violence: A translation of evidence into practice

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) reports that over two million workers are victims of workplace violence (WPV) (Papa, 2013). Registered nurses are subjected to high risk for workplace violence from patients and visitors, with 25.5% reporting at least one victimization incident (Gillespie et al., 2013). Research indicates that WPV has a significant impact on nurses' quality of working life, job satisfaction levels, turnover rates and has also been shown to negatively impact efficiency and productivity (Gacki-Smith et al., 2009). ED nurses are at substantial occupational risk for workplace violence. Emergency departments have been identified as areas within the hospital in which the incidence of violence is moderately high, with nurses (67%) being most frequently being assaulted. Relative to other healthcare workers, emergency department (ED) staff face an exceptionally high risk for WPV, primarily due to open-door policies, a high volume of patients, and illness acuity.The purpose of this Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project was to develop, implement, and evaluate an online module to improve ED nurses' knowledge, perceived safety, and confidence in identifying and managing WPV. This project utilized a pre- and post-knowledge assessment with an educational intervention (i.e., the video presentation) delivered in an online format. Via an online platform, participants were asked for demographic information, completed pre-knowledge and safety and confidence assessments. Participants viewed an informational video, and post knowledge, safety, and completed confidence assessments. A brief evaluation of the project's video was also completed. The project took participants one and a half hours to complete, and a nursing continuing education certificate was awarded as an incentive to participate.Change Theory has been utilized to explain interventions that improve nurses' perceptions of change in clinical practice. Change theory incorporates three concepts;driving forces, restraining forces, and equilibrium. Forces that push us in a director that results in a change to occur are driving forces. Change theory focuses on re-educating one's perceptions, beliefs, or attitudes. Lewin's change theory provided nurses with the direction in altering the old processes of dealing with violent patients to the new risk assessment method for potentially violent behavior (Shirey, 2013).One hundred and nineteen possible participants responded to the survey invitation. Of the 119, 44 completed the project requirements;thus, 77 participants were excluded from all analyses resulting in a final sample of 44 (N= 44). The majority of the final sample were female 37 (84.1%), mostly employed in the acute care or inpatient setting 37 (84.1%), and were nurses 40 (90.9%). Participants reported experiencing WPV at least once a day 27.3% of the time, 13.6% monthly, and 15.9% a few times a year. Some participants 16 (36.4%) reported they felt WPV increased during COVID-19. A significance difference (p= 0.00) was demonstrated on the knowledge assessments, increasing knowledge following the educational intervention. Scores on the safety and confidence assessment were improved, but not significantly.Project participants reported that 75% of the time, the incident of violence involved a patient, and 11.4% of the time involved a patient's family member. Participants further reported physical assaults 59.1% of the time, emotional assaults 68.2% of the time, and verbal assaults 45.5%. The Emergency Nurses Association reports that patients are the main offenders in all incidents of patient violence (97.8%) and visitor violence (92.3%), with the triage area (40.2%) being the most common area of WPV occurring. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Contingency plan of the Clinical Management Unit for Psychiatry and Mental Health (CMUPMH) of the Infanta Cristina University Hospital (ICUH) for the COVID-19 pandemic

The letter briefs about the strategic steps taken by the Spanish government for the COVID-19 pandemic. The current situation led the Spanish government to decree a state of alarm in March 2020, including a renewable lockdown which, together with the experiences of stress generated by infection, isolation and grieving, are setting off reactions of anxiety, acute stress or aggravation of existing mental problems. Strategic guidelines are planned for three phases: an initial phase during the emergency, a second phase during the reopening, and a final phase of new normality, with different areas of action in each. Those phases could correspond to the different levels of risk established by the Ministry of Health depending on the epidemiological outlook. The Plan has followed the indications and strategic guidelines set out in the ROCMHA Guide. Changing scenarios make new organization of health care necessary at all levels of intervention. The CMUPMH has shown itself to be flexible and permeable during the pandemic, by reassigning functions and modifying procedures. Psychiatrists have acted as general practitioners, and Emotional Support Programmes have been set up for professionals and for family members. Homeworking and telemedicine have been introduced. Having a Contingency Plan for use in emergency situations enables us to prepare for new challenges and to anticipate changes, providing care for the most vulnerable sections of the population under the principles of equity, universality, efficiency and quality. Drawing up this plan enables us to identify a set of measures and concrete steps in response to any states of emergency that might occur in the future, turning a crisis into an opportunity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)